BDgene

Core Gene from Gene Prioritization Pathways from PBA (Pathway-based Analysis) Enriched Pathways for Core Genes Enriched Pathways for Cross-disorder Genes

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Gene Report

Basic information

Related studies

Functional annotation

Related other genetic factors

Overlap with SZ and MDD

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Basic Info

Approved Symbol	GSK3B
Approved Name	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
Location	3q13.3
Position	chr3:119821323-120094417, -1
External Links	HGNC: 4617 Entrez Gene: 2932 Ensembl: ENSG00000082701 UCSC: uc003edm.3
No. of Studies	8 (Positive: 0; Negative: 8; trend: 0)
Overlap with SZ?	YES
Overlap with MDD?	YES

Gene related studies (count: 8)

Reference	Tested Markers	Statistical Values/Author Comments	Result Category	Comment on Study
Nievergelt, C. M., 2006		Single SNP TDT analyses showed no evidence for association to BPAD.	Negative	Comment on Study
Chen G., 2014	SNP: rs334558	In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that the functional polymorphism -50C/T within the GSK3B gene promoter is unlikely to relate with BD risk.	Negative	Comment on Study
Lee, K. Y., 2006 (b)	Haplotype: GSK-3 beta_-1727A/T - GSK-3 beta_-50C/T(A-C, A-T, T-C, T-T) Other variant: GSK3B_-1727A/T, GSK3B_-50T/C	In conclusion, these results suggest that the GSK-3 beta is not associated with the development of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Korean population.	Negative	Comment on Study
Tang, H., 2013	SNP: rs334558	Here, by using meta-analysis we reported that glycogen synthase kinase 3beta promoter inactive mutant rs334558 may contribute to the development of schizophrenia not bipolar disorder. This might be used to distinguish these two diseases.	Negative	Comment on Study
Nishiguchi, N., 2006	Other variant: GSK3B_-1727A/T, GSK3B_-50T/C	It is unlikely that the GSK3beta-gene is a risk factor for bipolar disorder in our sample, but we cannot exclude the gene completely as other unknown polymorphisms in the gene may increase susceptibility.	Negative	Comment on Study
Lee, Y. J.,2011	Haplotype: GSK3beta_promoter_1727A/T - GSK3beta_promoter_50C/T() Other variant: GSK3B_-1727A/T, GSK3B_-50T/C	This study suggests that GSK3beta polymorphisms are not associated with bipolar disorder.	Negative	Comment on Study
Lin YF, 2013	SNP: rs334558, rs6438552 Haplotype: rs334558 - rs6438552(C-C), rs334558 - rs6438552(C-T), rs334558 - rs6438552(T-C), rs334558 - rs6438552(T-T)	We found no association between each of the two SNPs and the risk of bipolar I disorder.	Negative	Comment on Study
Saus, E.,2010	SNP: rs1054190, rs11921360, rs11925868, rs11927974, rs13314595, rs334538, rs334555, rs3732360, rs6438552, rs7431209, rs9826659	We could not find evidence for association to either MDD or BP, thus not replicating previous positive results from others with respect to BD diagnosis.	Negative	Comment on Study

Gene functional annotation

Gene related GO terms (count: 93)

GO terms by PBA (count: 5)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence[PMID]	No. of Genes in BDgene
GO:0045087	innate immune response	biological process	TAS	49
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	cellular component	IDA[20937854]	360
GO:0007411	axon guidance	biological process	TAS	60
GO:0005634	nucleus	cellular component	IDA	283
GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	molecular function	IDA[11035810]; ISS; TAS	27

GO terms by database search (count: 88)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence[PMID]	No. of Genes in BDgene
GO:0031334	positive regulation of protein complex assembly	biological process	IDA[8638126]	2
GO:0043407	negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	biological process	IEA	4
GO:0005977	glycogen metabolic process	biological process	IDA[8638126]	5
GO:0005813	centrosome	cellular component	IDA[21399614]	34
GO:0050321	tau-protein kinase activity	molecular function	IDA[14690523]	2
GO:0043198	dendritic shaft	cellular component	IEA	7
GO:0097192	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand	biological process	ISS	7
GO:0060070	canonical Wnt signaling pathway	biological process	IC[9601641]; IDA[18787224]	9
GO:0005524	ATP binding	molecular function	IEA	118
GO:0043197	dendritic spine	cellular component	IEA	21
GO:0000320	re-entry into mitotic cell cycle	biological process	IEA	1
GO:2000466	negative regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity	biological process	TAS[19366350]	1
GO:0018105	peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	biological process	IDA[11104755]	11
GO:0034605	cellular response to heat	biological process	TAS	11
GO:0006983	ER overload response	biological process	IDA[14744935]	3
GO:0006349	regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting	biological process	IEA	1
GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	biological process	IEA	10
GO:0009887	organ morphogenesis	biological process	IEA	9
GO:0045719	negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	biological process	TAS[19366350]	1
GO:0030426	growth cone	cellular component	IEA	22
GO:0045773	positive regulation of axon extension	biological process	IEA	3
GO:0005178	integrin binding	molecular function	IEA	8
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	biological process	IDA[14744935]	46
GO:0031625	ubiquitin protein ligase binding	molecular function	IPI[21118991]	25
GO:0001085	RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	molecular function	IPI[20864106]	6
GO:0042493	response to drug	biological process	IEA	57
GO:0014043	negative regulation of neuron maturation	biological process	IEA	1
GO:0038095	Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway	biological process	TAS	19
GO:0030529	ribonucleoprotein complex	cellular component	IEA	4
GO:0045732	positive regulation of protein catabolic process	biological process	IC[16188939]	4
GO:0032091	negative regulation of protein binding	biological process	IDA[16890161]	2
GO:0044027	hypermethylation of CpG island	biological process	IEA	1
GO:0034236	protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding	molecular function	IPI[11035810]	4
GO:0016301	kinase activity	molecular function	IDA[15448698]; TAS	7
GO:0021766	hippocampus development	biological process	IMP[19581563]	7
GO:0071109	superior temporal gyrus development	biological process	IMP[19581563]	1
GO:0046827	positive regulation of protein export from nucleus	biological process	IDA[14744935]	3
GO:0010800	positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation	biological process	IEA	2
GO:0032886	regulation of microtubule-based process	biological process	IMP[20937854]	4
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	biological process	IDA[11035810]	42
GO:0019901	protein kinase binding	molecular function	IPI[18348280]	29
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	cellular component	IDA	163
GO:0071260	cellular response to mechanical stimulus	biological process	IEA	12
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	cellular component	IDA[14744935]	322
GO:0043547	positive regulation of GTPase activity	biological process	IMP[18156211]	30
GO:0007623	circadian rhythm	biological process	ISS	40
GO:0001954	positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion	biological process	IMP[18156211]	4
GO:0048168	regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity	biological process	IEA	6
GO:0090263	positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	biological process	TAS	9
GO:0036016	cellular response to interleukin-3	biological process	ISS	2
GO:0045121	membrane raft	cellular component	IEA	22
GO:0010614	negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	biological process	IEA	2
GO:0048156	tau protein binding	molecular function	IEA	3
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	biological process	IEA	91
GO:0048011	neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway	biological process	TAS	33
GO:0032092	positive regulation of protein binding	biological process	ISS	2
GO:2000738	positive regulation of stem cell differentiation	biological process	IEA	1
GO:0048015	phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling	biological process	TAS	17
GO:0005515	protein binding	molecular function	IPI[11004522]	563
GO:0032436	positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	biological process	IEA	7
GO:0046777	protein autophosphorylation	biological process	IDA[23184662]	16
GO:0008543	fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	biological process	TAS	21
GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	biological process	TAS[19366350]	9
GO:0010226	response to lithium ion	biological process	IEA	2
GO:2000077	negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development	biological process	TAS[19366350]	1
GO:0001837	epithelial to mesenchymal transition	biological process	IMP[15448698]	3
GO:0007520	myoblast fusion	biological process	IEA	4
GO:1900034	regulation of cellular response to heat	biological process	TAS	10
GO:0002039	p53 binding	molecular function	IDA[14744935]	7
GO:0016477	cell migration	biological process	IEA	17
GO:0030877	beta-catenin destruction complex	cellular component	IDA[16188939]; TAS[19366350]	1
GO:0008013	beta-catenin binding	molecular function	IPI[8638126]	14
GO:1901030	positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	biological process	ISS	2
GO:0005829	cytosol	cellular component	TAS	223
GO:0031333	negative regulation of protein complex assembly	biological process	IMP[16188939]	2
GO:0006611	protein export from nucleus	biological process	IEA	3
GO:0035372	protein localization to microtubule	biological process	IEA	2
GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	cellular component	IEA	50
GO:0007173	epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	biological process	TAS	22
GO:0051059	NF-kappaB binding	molecular function	IPI[15465828]	3
GO:0030010	establishment of cell polarity	biological process	IEA	4
GO:0044337	canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process	biological process	IEA	1
GO:0051534	negative regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus	biological process	IMP[9072970]	2
GO:0050774	negative regulation of dendrite morphogenesis	biological process	IEA	3
GO:0045444	fat cell differentiation	biological process	IEA	6
GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm	cellular component	IEA	50
GO:0035255	ionotropic glutamate receptor binding	molecular function	IEA	8
GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction	biological process	IDA[14749367]	38

Gene related KEGG pathways (count: 14)

KEGG pathways by PBA (count: 3)

ID	Name	No. of Genes in BDgene
hsa04510	Focal adhesion	22
hsa04110	Cell cycle	8
hsa05217	Basal cell carcinoma	8

KEGG pathways by database search (count: 11)

ID	Name	No. of Genes in BDgene
hsa05210	Colorectal cancer	14
hsa05213	Endometrial cancer	10
hsa04360	Axon guidance	16
hsa05215	Prostate cancer	18
hsa05010	Alzheimer's disease	4
hsa04012	ErbB signaling pathway	13
hsa04662	B cell receptor signaling pathway	8
hsa04310	Wnt signaling pathway	20
hsa04340	Hedgehog signaling pathway	8
hsa04916	Melanogenesis	16
hsa04910	Insulin signaling pathway	10

Gene related BioCarta pathways (count: 13)

BioCarta pathways by PBA (count: 0)

BioCarta pathways by database search (count: 13)

ID	Name	No. of Genes in BDgene
eif2Pathway	Regulation of eIF2	2
hesPathway	Segmentation Clock	1
alkPathway	ALK in cardiac myocytes	2
igf1mtorpathway	Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is regulated via AKT/mTOR pathway	4
ptdinsPathway	Phosphoinositides and their downstream targets.	6
gsk3Pathway	Inactivation of Gsk3 by AKT causes accumulation of b-catenin in Alveolar Macrophages	5
nfatPathway	NFAT and Hypertrophy of the heart (Transcription in the broken heart)	11
ps1Pathway	Presenilin action in Notch and Wnt signaling	1
wntPathway	WNT Signaling Pathway	5
g1Pathway	Cell Cycle: G1/S Check Point	2
shhPathway	Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) Pathway	5
p35alzheimersPathway	Deregulation of CDK5 in Alzheimers Disease	2
pitx2Pathway	Multi-step Regulation of Transcription by Pitx2	3

Gene related interactors from protein-protein interactions data in HPRD (count: 72)

Gene	Interactor	Interactor in BDgene?	Experiment Type	PMID
GSK3B	PPP1R2	YES	in vitro;in vivo	12761178 , 11320080
GSK3B	NOTCH1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	12123574
GSK3B	APP	NO	in vitro;in vivo	8764598 , 10936190 , 15178331
GSK3B	BICD1	NO	in vitro;in vivo;yeast 2-hybrid	17139249
GSK3B	UPF3A	NO	yeast 2-hybrid	15231747
GSK3B	E2F1	NO	in vivo	18367454
GSK3B	CCNE1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	8861947 , 14536078
GSK3B	MAP1B	NO	in vitro	9570753
GSK3B	SNCAIP	NO	in vitro;in vivo	16174773
GSK3B	FRAT2	NO	in vitro	11738041
GSK3B	PRKCZ	YES	in vitro	11481324
GSK3B	CREM	YES	in vitro;in vivo	8404858
GSK3B	DCTN1	NO	in vivo	17139249
GSK3B	PRKACA	NO	in vivo	12147701
GSK3B	CDH1	NO	in vitro	10671552
GSK3B	AXIN1	NO	in vitro;in vivo;yeast 2-hybrid	9482734 , 10488109 , 10581160 , 17318175 , 9734785
GSK3B	DCTN2	NO	in vivo	17139249
GSK3B	NOTCH2	NO	in vitro;in vivo	12794074
GSK3B	BCL3	NO	in vitro;in vivo	15469820
GSK3B	DYNC1I1	YES	in vivo	17139249
GSK3B	PTK2	NO	in vivo	11809746
GSK3B	CDX2	NO	in vitro	16027724
GSK3B	ACLY	NO	in vitro	10653665
GSK3B	GYS1	NO	in vitro	6772446 , 11427888
GSK3B	HNRNPD	NO	in vitro	12819195 , 11903055
GSK3B	APC	NO	in vitro	8638126 , 11166179
GSK3B	LRP6	NO	in vitro	16365045
GSK3B	NIN	NO	yeast 2-hybrid	11004522
GSK3B	TMEM132A	NO	in vivo	11524435
GSK3B	IKBKG	NO	in vitro	12808104
GSK3B	SGK3	NO	in vitro;in vivo;yeast 2-hybrid	12054501 , 16543730
GSK3B	SGK1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	16543730
GSK3B	BICD2	NO	in vivo	17139249
GSK3B	NFKB1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	11425860
GSK3B	AR	NO	in vitro;in vivo	15178691 , 15361837
GSK3B	PPARGC1A	NO	in vitro	18198341
GSK3B	MCL1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	16543145
GSK3B	DNM1L	NO	in vitro;yeast 2-hybrid	9731200
GSK3B	RCAN1	NO	in vitro	12063245
GSK3B	MUC1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	9819408
GSK3B	FOXO1	NO	in vivo	11980723
GSK3B	CREB1	YES	in vivo	12162494
GSK3B	TP53	NO	in vitro;in vivo	12048243 , 11483158 , 12064478
GSK3B	CDK5	NO	in vitro	15652488
GSK3B	EIF2B5	NO	in vitro;in vivo	11500362 , 15302935 , 9468292 , 12133000
GSK3B	CTNNB1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	12051714 , 12000790 , 12114015 , 11818547
GSK3B	FRAT1	NO	in vivo	12095675
GSK3B	CCND1	NO	in vitro;in vivo	9832503 , 10910956
GSK3B	MAPT	YES	in vitro	9832145 , 7566346 , 11181841 , 9771888 , 9199504 , 17078951
GSK3B	MYC	NO	in vitro;in vivo	11877389 , 8247524 , 16247449
GSK3B	ILK	NO	in vitro	9736715 , 16936772
GSK3B	MYOCD	NO	in vitro;in vivo	16141410
GSK3B	AKT2	NO	in vitro	12434148
GSK3B	CTNND1	NO	in vitro	12885254
GSK3B	MARK2	NO	in vitro	16257959
GSK3B	AKT1	YES	in vitro;in vivo	11035810 , 8524413
GSK3B	PXN	NO	in vivo	16537926
GSK3B	PSEN1	NO	in vivo	11104755 , 16814287
GSK3B	AURKA	NO	in vitro	19060929
GSK3B	DPYSL2	YES	in vitro;in vivo	15652488
GSK3B	MITF	NO	in vitro	10587587
GSK3B	AXIN2	NO	in vitro;in vivo;yeast 2-hybrid	10966653 , 9566905
GSK3B	CEBPA	NO	in vivo	10567568
GSK3B	OGT	NO	in vitro;in vivo	10753899
GSK3B	TSC2	NO	in vivo	12511557
GSK3B	CSDA	NO	in vitro	16198352
GSK3B	TPPP	NO	in vitro;in vivo	11781156
GSK3B	PRKCB	NO	in vitro	1324914
GSK3B	PTPN1	NO	in vitro	7514173
GSK3B	CABYR	NO	in vitro	15752768
GSK3B	YBX1	NO	in vitro	16198352
GSK3B	AKAP11	NO	in vitro;in vivo;yeast 2-hybrid	12147701

Related other genetic factors

Gene related SNPs (count: 66)

Literature-origin SNPs (count: 12)

rs_ID	Location	Functional Annotation	No. of Studies (Positive/Negative/Trend)
rs334538	chr3:120106364 - 120106364(1)	downstream_gene_variant; intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs1054190	chr3:119817871 - 119817871(1)	3_prime_UTR_variant; downstream_gene_variant; non_coding_transcript_exon_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs11927974	chr3:120105190 - 120105190(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs13314595	chr3:119912251 - 119912251(1)	intron_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs9826659	chr3:119832264 - 119832264(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs3732360	chr3:119817734 - 119817734(1)	3_prime_UTR_variant; downstream_gene_variant; non_coding_transcript_exon_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs334558	chr3:120094435 - 120094435(1)	upstream_gene_variant	3(0/3/0)
rs334555	chr3:120085289 - 120085289(1)	intron_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs11921360	chr3:119893208 - 119893208(1)	intron_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs6438552	chr3:119912967 - 119912967(1)	intron_variant	2(0/2/0)
rs7431209	chr3:119922595 - 119922595(1)	intron_variant	1(0/1/0)
rs11925868	chr3:120103488 - 120103488(1)	downstream_gene_variant; intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant	1(0/1/0)

LD-proxies (count: 54)

rs_ID	Location	Functional Annotation
rs4688047	chr3:119963914 - 119963914(1)	intron_variant
rs12638973	chr3:119965980 - 119965980(1)	intron_variant
rs10934502	chr3:119950289 - 119950289(1)	intron_variant
rs12634476	chr3:119959978 - 119959978(1)	intron_variant
rs1574154	chr3:119908400 - 119908400(1)	intron_variant
rs4688046	chr3:119945023 - 119945023(1)	intron_variant
rs7639388	chr3:119891106 - 119891106(1)	intron_variant
rs4340737	chr3:119903167 - 119903167(1)	intron_variant
rs4688042	chr3:119872033 - 119872033(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs12634889	chr3:119877667 - 119877667(1)	intron_variant; upstream_gene_variant
rs4624596	chr3:119852694 - 119852694(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs7633279	chr3:119866843 - 119866843(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs6808874	chr3:119839004 - 119839004(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs10934500	chr3:119849276 - 119849276(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs334533	chr3:120074035 - 120074035(1)	intron_variant
rs2873950	chr3:119828215 - 119828215(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs334563	chr3:120068040 - 120068040(1)	intron_variant
rs17204878	chr3:120058033 - 120058033(1)	intron_variant
rs4687893	chr3:120056667 - 120056667(1)	intron_variant
rs12630592	chr3:120049399 - 120049399(1)	intron_variant
rs4687890	chr3:120040326 - 120040326(1)	intron_variant; upstream_gene_variant
rs6781942	chr3:120039202 - 120039202(1)	intron_variant; upstream_gene_variant
rs1154595	chr3:120017747 - 120017747(1)	intron_variant
rs7644234	chr3:119972764 - 119972764(1)	intron_variant
rs28536662	chr3:119969344 - 119969344(1)	intron_variant
rs9878473	chr3:119931941 - 119931941(1)	intron_variant
rs9873477	chr3:119927129 - 119927129(1)	intron_variant
rs6438553	chr3:119921182 - 119921182(1)	intron_variant
rs2319399	chr3:119917360 - 119917360(1)	intron_variant
rs6792572	chr3:119917249 - 119917249(1)	intron_variant
rs12629015	chr3:119899206 - 119899206(1)	intron_variant
rs13321783	chr3:119896528 - 119896528(1)	intron_variant
rs4688059	chr3:120092721 - 120092721(1)	intron_variant; upstream_gene_variant
rs2199503	chr3:120059642 - 120059642(1)	intron_variant
rs10934505	chr3:120048475 - 120048475(1)	intron_variant
rs1870931	chr3:120038166 - 120038166(1)	intron_variant; upstream_gene_variant
rs10934507	chr3:120051813 - 120051813(1)	intron_variant
rs10934506	chr3:120051805 - 120051805(1)	intron_variant
rs10433404	chr3:119974393 - 119974393(1)	intron_variant
rs10934503	chr3:119972320 - 119972320(1)	intron_variant
rs4688054	chr3:120014863 - 120014863(1)	intron_variant
rs11915717	chr3:119988771 - 119988771(1)	intron_variant
rs3732361	chr3:119823450 - 119823450(1)	3_prime_UTR_variant; downstream_gene_variant
rs3732359	chr3:119817582 - 119817582(1)	3_prime_UTR_variant; downstream_gene_variant; non_coding_transcript_exon_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs6805251	chr3:119841759 - 119841759(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs4261913	chr3:119827350 - 119827350(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs6800622	chr3:119861831 - 119861831(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs3107669	chr3:119848254 - 119848254(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant; upstream_gene_variant
rs1719894	chr3:119871475 - 119871475(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs1732170	chr3:119864829 - 119864829(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs6795653	chr3:119891718 - 119891718(1)	intron_variant
rs9813864	chr3:119872127 - 119872127(1)	intron_variant; non_coding_transcript_variant
rs2319398	chr3:119894095 - 119894095(1)	intron_variant
rs6782799	chr3:119891946 - 119891946(1)	intron_variant

Gene related CNVs (count: 0)

Gene related other variants (count: 2)

Variant Name	Variant Type	Location in Gene	No. of Studies (Positive/Negative/Trend)
GSK3B_-1727A/T	point mutation	promoter	3 (0/3/0)
GSK3B_-50T/C	point mutation	promoter	3 (0/3/0)

Gene related regions (count: 2)

Region Name	Position	No. of Studies (Positive/Negative/Trend)
Chr 3	chr3:0-198295559	2 (0/2/0)
3q13.3	chr3:113500000-121900000	1 (0/1/0)

Overlap with schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD)

Gene relationship with SZ

Overlap with SZ from cross-disorder studies (count: 2)

Reference	Description	Result Category
16289845	In conclusion, these results suggest that the GSK-3 beta is not associated with the development of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Korean population.	Negative
23440732	Here, by using meta-analysis we reported that glycogen synthase kinase 3beta promoter inactive mutant rs334558 may contribute to the development of schizophrenia not bipolar disorder. This might be used to distinguish these two diseases.	Positive

Overlap with SZ from candidate gene intersection analysis (count: 7)

Reference	ID in SZGene	Result Category
17368486	227	Negative
18460190	227	Negative
15719395	227	Negative
15179015	227	Trend
16289845	227	Negative
18500637	227	Positive
16397405	227	Negative

Gene relationship with MDD

Overlap with MDD from cross-disorder studies (count: 1)

Reference	Description	Category in MDD
20618448	We could not find evidence for association to either MDD or BP.	Negative

Overlap with MDD from candidate gene intersection analysis (count: 6)

Reference	Description	Category in MDD	Link in MK4MDD
20033742	Further gene-gene interaction analyses showed a significant effect of a two-locus BDNF/GSK3B interaction with MDD (GSK3B rs6782799 and BDNF rs7124442) (corrected P = 0.011), and also for a three-locus interaction (GSK3B rs6782799, BDNF rs6265 and BDNF rs7124442) (corrected P = 0.019).	Pos	GSK3B
20219685	We observed associations for polymorphisms in 5/10 GSK3beta substrate genes	Pos	GSK3B
20682308	We observed a potential association between the GSK3B rs6782799 and MDD (P=0.07)	Pos	GSK3B
20015462	The results showed that the alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes of the two SNPs do not differ between suicidal MDD subjects, non-suicidal MDD subjects, and normal controls. There was no difference in the haplotype frequency combination between the three groups.	Neg	GSK3B
20927309	The level of GSK-3beta mRNA expression in the hippocampus was significantly increased in the MDD group (n=8) compared with the control group (n=12, p<0.05).	Pos	GSK3B

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Region: chr3:119821323..120094417 View in gBrowse