Meta-analysis Report

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Basic Info

Reference	Lopez Leon, S.,2005 PMID: 15860340
Citation	Lopez Leon, S., E. A. Croes, et al. (2005). "The dopamine D4 receptor gene 48-base-pair-repeat polymorphism and mood disorders: a meta-analysis." Biol Psychiatry 57(9): 999-1003.
Disease Type	Bipolar Disorder & Major Depressive Disorder
Study Type	Candidate-gene association study

Detail Info

Samples	In total, 318 patients and 814 control individuals from five studies were included in the UP meta-analysis (Frisch et al 1999; Manki et al 1996; Oruc et al 1997; Serretti et al 1999b). In the BP meta-analysis, seven studies were included (Li et al 1999;Lim et al 1994; Manki et al 1996; Oruc et al 1997; Perez De Castro et al 1994; Serretti et al 1999b). In total, 599 patients with BP were compared with 992 control individuals. In the combined group,917 patients and 1164 control individuals were entered.
Statistic Method	For all the meta-analyses, we used the Cochrane Review Manager (RevMan, computer software, The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, England) version 4.2 and analyzed them with RevMan analysis 1.0.1. The method of moments (DerSimonian and Laird 1986) was applied to calculate the odds ratio (OR) in a random-effects model for the pooled data. The p level, adjusted for multiple testing, was considered significant when lower than .003 (Bonferroni corrected: p = .05/15, to justify for the three groups and the five genotypic subgroups tested).
Basic Result	RESULTS: An association was found between all mood disorder groups and DRD4.2. After correcting for multiple testing, the association between DRD4.2 and BP dropped to insignificance; however, the evidence of an association between the DRD4.2 allele and UP (p < .001) and the combined group (p < .001) remained. There was no evidence for heterogeneity or publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the DRD4.2 allele is a risk allele for depression symptomatology. Meta-analysis may be a valuable objective tool for a quantitative summary of evidence for association studies in psychiatric genetics.

Genetic factors reported by this study for BD

Other variants reported by this study for BD (count: 1)

Variant Name	Related Gene	Type	Allele Change	Risk Allele	Statistical Values	Author Comments	Result Category
DRD4 exon3 VNTR	DRD4	VNTR	2 repeat/4 repeat/7 repeat/short		The pooled analyses:for 2 repeat allele, OR(95%CI)=1.26(1.01-1.57), P-value = 0.04;for 4 repeat allele, OR(95%CI)=0.88( 0.75-1.04), P-value = 0.13;for 7 repeat allele, OR(95%CI)=1.03(0.82-1.30), P-value = 0.80;for short allele, OR(95%CI)=0.95(0.77-1.17), P-value = 0.60	No significant association was observed. No significant association was observed.	Negative

Genes reported by this study for BD (count: 1)

Gene	Statistical Values/Author Comments	Result Category
DRD4	No evidence of significant association was found in BP group. No evidence of significant association was found in BP group.	Negative

Genetic factors reported by this study for SZ and/or MDD

Other variants reported by this study for SZ/MDD

Disease	Variant Name	Related Gene	Type	Statistical Values	Description	Result Category
MDD	DRD4 exon3 VNTR	DRD4	VNTR	The pooled analyses:for 2 repeat allele, OR(95%CI)=1.73(1.29-2.32), P-value = 0.003;for 4 repeat allele, OR(95%CI)=0.88(0.72-1.09), P-value = 0.24;for 7 repeat allele, OR(95%CI)=0.70(0.53-0.94), P-value = 0.02;for short allele, OR(95%CI)=1.23(0.89-1.70), P-value = 0.22	Significant association was found in 2 repeat allele and 7 repeat allele for MDD(P<0.001).	Positive

Genes reported by this study for SZ/MDD

Disease	Gene	Description	Result Category
MDD	DRD4	These findings suggest that the DRD4.2 allele is a risk allele for depression symptomatology.	Positive