Study Report

Reference	Monteleone, P.,2010 PMID: 20080186
Citation	Monteleone, P., M. Bifulco, et al. (2010). "Investigation of CNR1 and FAAH endocannabinoid gene polymorphisms in bipolar disorder and major depression." Pharmacol Res 61(5): 400-404.
Disease Type	Bipolar Disorder & Major Depressive Disorder
Study Design	case-control
Study Type	Candidate-gene association study
Sample Size	83 patients with recurrent MD, 134 individuals with BD and 117 healthy subjects
SNP/Region/Marker Size	2 SNPs
Predominant Ethnicity	Caucasian
Population	Italian
Gender	65 women and 18 men in MDD patients,77 women and 57 men in BD patients,91 women and 26 men in controls
Age Group	Adults : Mean age(SD)(year):51.5(12.1),32.9 (12.3) at onset for MDD patients and 48.0(12.2),27.8 (9.1) at onset for BD patients,47.6(13.4) for controls

Sample Diagnosis	DSM
Sample Status	The study was carried out with patients consecutively attending the outpatients units of the Departments of Psychiatry of the Universities of Naples and Turin (Italy). A total of 217 Caucasian patients (142 women and 75 men) were enrolled into the study: 153 were recruited in Naples (South Italy) and 64 in Turin (North Italy). Eighty-three of them met the DSM-IV diagnosis of recurrent MD and 134 the diagnosis of BD (79 had a type I BD and 55 had a type II BD), as confirmed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV-Patient Edition (SCID-IP). Six MD patients had a lifetime comorbid anxiety disorder (3 had a panic disorder, 1 had a post-traumatic stress disorder and 2 had a simple phobia) and 1 had a lifetime substance abuse disorder; 9 BD patients had a lifetime comorbid anxiety disorder (6 had a panic disorder, 1 had an obsessive-compulsive disorder and 2 had a simple phobia), 4 had a lifetime eating disorder and 12 had a lifetime substance abuse disorder. A group of 117 Caucasian healthy subjects were also recruited: 108 were enrolled in Naples and 9 in Turin. They were mentally healthy as assessed by the SCID-non-patient edition. Both patients and healthy controls were clinically screened to exclude medical and neurological disorders. Twelve patients with MD [body mass index (BMI) range: 25.0-31.08 kg/m2], 15 patients with BD (BMI range: 25.17-42.9 kg/m2) and 3 healthy controls (BMI range: 25.32-28.73 kg/m2) were overweight/obese.
Technique	PCR, RFLP and sequencing
Statistical Method	One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences in the mean age of the subject groups. Association tests were performed by using the Pearson's X2 test for comparison of genotype and allele frequencies between patients and healthy controls.
Result Summary	A case-control study using the missense polymorphism, 2316A>G (Ile772Met), and the tetranucleotide repeat (TTTA)n showed no significant association with mood disorders in Japanese samples. The DNA polymorphisms detected in this study can be tested in other ethnic samples and/or other psychiatric diseases.