Study Report

Reference	Gregorio, S. P.,2005 PMID: 15820318
Citation	Gregorio, S. P., F. B. Mury, et al. (2005). Nogo CAA 3'UTR Insertion polymorphism is not associated with Schizophrenia nor with bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res 75(1): 5-9.
Disease Type	Bipolar Disorder & Schizophrenia
Study Design	case-control
Study Type	Candidate-gene association study
Sample Size	181 patients with schizophrenia, 98 patients with bipolar disorder and 427 controls
SNP/Region/Marker Size	1 polymorphism
Predominant Ethnicity
Population	Brazilian
Gender	Male/female:26/72 in BD patients ,105/76 in SZ patients and 249/178 in controls
Age Group	Adults : Mean age(SD)(year):44.7(13.7) in BD patients ,33.1(10.8) in SZ patients and 33.2(10.9) in controls

Sample Diagnosis	DSM
Sample Status	A total of 181 schizophrenic and 98 bipolar patients were included; all derived from the Institute of Psychiatry, Hospitaldas Clinicas, FMUSP, Brazil. Diagnoses were made through structured interviews based on DSM-IV for SCZ and on DSMIII-R for BPD (as the collection of BPD samples started much earlier). Controls were composed of 427 individuals, from the blood bank of the same hospital,without previous history of personal or familial psychiatric disorders, together with a small subset of samples, included to reinforce the representation of the Asiatic group (9 samples from Kazakhstan) and to include some Native Americans (10 samples from San Martin, Peru). Patients and controls signed an informed consent form, previously approved by the ethics committee of our institution.Clinical data assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS - Kay et al., 1987), age of disease onset, schizophrenia subtype and familiar history of psychosis were obtained for schizophrenic patients and considered for endophenotype analysis. These clinical data were not available for bipolar patients. The ancestry of the CAA insertion event was studied using DNA from old world (Pan troglodytes and Papio hamadryas) and new world (Saimiri sp., Brachyteles arachnoides and Alouatta fusca) primates. Samples from Old-world monkeys as well as Saimiri were obtained from Coriell Cell Repositories while the remaining came from the DNA Bank from the Department of General Biology of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
Technique	PCR
Statistical Method	chi-squares tests
Result Summary	Our results indicate that the polymorphism is not associated with any of these diseases, but has a remarkably biased distribution in ethnic groups. Genotyping of primate samples, suggest that this polymorphism is a recent event in human speciation.